{"id":96095,"date":"2024-08-01T12:06:20","date_gmt":"2024-08-01T10:06:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/?p=96095"},"modified":"2024-08-01T17:02:58","modified_gmt":"2024-08-01T15:02:58","slug":"nr-50-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/2024\/08\/01\/nr-50-2024\/","title":{"rendered":"Nr 50 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Volfram hittat i Tychos labb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>En tung arkeologisk unders\u00f6kning av upphittade glas- och porslinssk\u00e4rvor p\u00e5 <strong>Tycho Brahes<\/strong> \u00f6 Ven, d\u00e4r han utf\u00f6rde alkemiska experiment i sin ugnar i Uranieborgs k\u00e4llare, visar p\u00e5 en stor \u00f6verraskning: sp\u00e5r av grund\u00e4mnet volfram (tungsten p\u00e5 engelska). Detta grund\u00e4mne uppt\u00e4cktes f\u00f6rst 1783 av <strong>Carl Wilhelm Scheele <\/strong> men fanns med i Tychos mixture i Ven-labbet. Volfram, kemisk beteckning W, f\u00e5r forskningen att hicka till. I rapporten<em> &#8220;Chemical analysis of fragments of glass and ceramic ware from Tycho Brahe\u2019s laboratory at Uraniborg on the island of Ven (Sweden)&#8221;<\/em>, som <a href=\"https:\/\/heritagesciencejournal.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40494-024-01301-6\" title=\"\">i sin helhet finns h\u00e4r<\/a>, st\u00e5r: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>&#8220;The presence of W is most peculiar <\/strong>and unexpected. Tungsten in its pure form was not known to alchemists in Brahe\u00b4s times. It was discovered as a new element and isolated as a metal only by the end of eighteenth century. Important W ore minerals include scheelite (CaWO<sub>4<\/sub>) and wolframite ((Fe, Mo) WO<sub>4<\/sub>). Molybdenum was not measured in the present work, so a distinction between these two minerals cannot be made in the present project. It can be speculated that a W bearing mineral was included in a process conducted in the laboratory not knowing the nature of this mineral or by mistaken identification of the mineral. Still, the source of the elevated W levels remains a real puzzle.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/40494_2024_1301_Fig6_HTML.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"616\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/40494_2024_1301_Fig6_HTML-616x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-96114\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/40494_2024_1301_Fig6_HTML-616x1024.png 616w, https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/40494_2024_1301_Fig6_HTML-181x300.png 181w, https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/40494_2024_1301_Fig6_HTML-768x1276.png 768w, https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/40494_2024_1301_Fig6_HTML.png 896w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 616px) 100vw, 616px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>De unders\u00f6kta sk\u00e4rvorna. Bildk\u00e4lla: Lunds historiska museum<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rapporten konkluderar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>&#8220;The investigation is based on trace element analyses<\/strong> of four glass shards and one ceramic shard excavated from the ruin of Tycho Brahe\u2019s castle Uraniborg on the island of Ven. A series of elements were found not to be enriched on the surfaces of the five shards: Na, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Mn, Fe, Rb, Sr, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, Ba, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, and Tl. These elements could have been undetected due to the low number of shards analysed in the present study, but it could also be so that minerals containing these elements were not present on the shelves of the Uraniborg laboratory. On the other hand, the present work documents the presence of excess amounts of nine elements: Ni, Cu, Zn, Sn, Sb, W, Au, Hg, and Pb, collectively on the inner and outer surfaces of the shards. Four of these elements, Cu, Sb, Au, and Hg, are known to have been used in the three reconstructed recipes of Brahe\u2019s Paracelsian medicine, and these preparations could thus have been made in the alchemical laboratory on Ven. It should, however, be stipulated that the presence of these elements is not a proof that they were indeed used for making Brahe\u2019s medicine. The other five elements Ni, Zn, Sn, W, and Pb, were not mentioned in the preserved recipes and are therefore likely residues from alchemical experiments of an unknown character. The results of the present work offer a first unique glimpse into the alchemical work of Tycho Brahe\u2019s laboratory on Ven.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kaare Lund Rasmussen<\/strong>&nbsp;vid Syddanska universitetet, en av forskarna bakom studien, spekulerar i om volfram fanns i n\u00e5got mineral som Brahe arbetade med utan att veta om det. Eller kanske visste han redan om \u00e4mnet men sade inget om det.Som flitigt ut\u00f6vande alkemist studerade Tycho olika medicinska \u00f6rtblandningar. Han ans\u00e5g att kemi och astronomi h\u00f6rde ihop och skulle unders\u00f6kas parallellt. Brahe var dessutom f\u00f6rtjust i den schweiziska l\u00e4karen och naturfilosofen <strong>Paracelsus, <\/strong>som menade att all materia var uppbyggd av svavel, kvicksilver och salt, och att m\u00e4nniskan styrdes av en himmelsk kraft. <\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Portratt_av_Tycho_Brahe_-_Skoklosters_slott_-_90153.tif.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"985\" src=\"https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Portratt_av_Tycho_Brahe_-_Skoklosters_slott_-_90153.tif.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-96112\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Portratt_av_Tycho_Brahe_-_Skoklosters_slott_-_90153.tif.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Portratt_av_Tycho_Brahe_-_Skoklosters_slott_-_90153.tif-244x300.jpg 244w, https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Portratt_av_Tycho_Brahe_-_Skoklosters_slott_-_90153.tif-768x946.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>Tycho Brahe, \u00e4ven alkemist med en och annan hemlighet.. Bildk\u00e4lla: Skoklosters samlingar<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sk\u00e4rvorna hittades vid utgr\u00e4vningar som genomf\u00f6rdes p\u00e5 1980- och 1990-talen.Det tar l\u00e5\u00e5\u00e5ng tid att slutf\u00f6ra alla m\u00e4tningar, under tiden efter utgr\u00e4vningarna (med hj\u00e4lp av arkeologer vid Lunds universitet) tillkommer t ex ny teknik. Bitarna hade sp\u00e5r av nickel, koppar, antimon, zink, tenn, kvicksilver, guld och bly. Kvicksilver, koppar, antimon och guld anv\u00e4ndes ofta f\u00f6r att framst\u00e4lla l\u00e4kemedel under denna tid, vilket tyder p\u00e5 att Brahe anv\u00e4nde dessa i sina mediciner. \u00d6vriga \u00e4mnen indikerar att han inte bara framst\u00e4llde l\u00e4kemedel i sitt alkemilaboratorium.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En professor fr\u00e5n Johns Hopkins-universitetet i USA, som inte var involverad i forskningen, kallar fynden \u201d\u00f6verraskande\u201d och s\u00e4ger att det kommer att vara av intresse f\u00f6r historiker och arkeologer, rapporterar&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2024\/07\/27\/science\/tycho-brahe-alchemy-lab-tungsten\/index.html\">CNN<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2013 Vi vet v\u00e4ldigt lite om hur mycket man experimenterade med volfram under den tidiga moderna eran, s\u00e4ger han till kanalen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mer om Tychos Cassiopeia<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u00e5passligt, aprop\u00e5 ovanst\u00e5ende, sl\u00e5r <strong>Pettzy Ahlstr\u00f6m<\/strong> ett slag f\u00f6r Cassiopeia &#8211; kvarteret i Gamla stan, Stockholm.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Gatuskylt_Svartmangatan.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Gatuskylt_Svartmangatan.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-96119\"\/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Omr\u00e5det har kvartersnamn efter en m\u00e4ngd gudar och d\u00e4rmed stj\u00e4rnbilder. Kolla t ex h\u00e4r: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.stadsholmen.se\/app\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Casiopea13-FAKTABLAD.pdf\">https:\/\/www.stadsholmen.se\/app\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Casiopea13-FAKTABLAD.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Att vi inom ASTB kallar v\u00e5r blogg f\u00f6r Cassiopeia har med det faktum att g\u00f6ra att i denna stj\u00e4rnbild, vars ljusaste stj\u00e4rnor formar ett W (M om man st\u00e5r p\u00e5 huvudet), uppt\u00e4ckte <strong>Tycho Brahe<\/strong> en ljusstark nya stj\u00e4rna, en nova (senare klassad som supernova) fr\u00e5n sk\u00e5nsk horisont 1572. Uppt\u00e4ckten, snarare meduppt\u00e4ckten eftersom fler astronomer i Europa s\u00e5g fenomenet, innebar Tychos ber\u00f6mmelse sedan han skrivit en mindre skrift och d\u00e4refter en st\u00f6rre bok om stj\u00e4rnfenomenet och dess betydelse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Uppt\u00e4ckten gjorde Tycho till en astronomisk k\u00e4ndis och innebar en ny livsbana f\u00f6r v\u00e5r astronom, som  tilldelades Ven\/Hven som f\u00f6rl\u00e4ning av sin v\u00e4lg\u00f6rare, kungen Frederik II.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kall, kallare, Epsilon Indi Ab&#8230;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Nytt fr\u00e5n JWST: Runt K-stj\u00e4rnan Epsilon Indi A snurrar en exoplanet  bara 12 ljus\u00e5r fr\u00e5n jorden, en av de kallaste vi vet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Epsilon Indi Ab har en massa flera ggr st\u00f6rre \u00e4n Jupiter och en yttemp p\u00e5 ca 2 gr C. Vilket \u00e4r uppskattningsvis 100 gr C varmare \u00e4n v\u00e5rt eget solsystems gasj\u00e4ttar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pressrelisen <a href=\"https:\/\/esawebb.org\/news\/weic2421\/?lang\" title=\"\">h\u00e4r.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Volfram hittat i Tychos labb En tung arkeologisk unders\u00f6kning av upphittade glas- och porslinssk\u00e4rvor p\u00e5 Tycho Brahes \u00f6 Ven, d\u00e4r han utf\u00f6rde alkemiska experiment i sin ugnar i Uranieborgs k\u00e4llare, visar p\u00e5 en stor \u00f6verraskning: sp\u00e5r av grund\u00e4mnet volfram (tungsten p\u00e5 engelska). Detta grund\u00e4mne uppt\u00e4cktes f\u00f6rst 1783 av Carl Wilhelm Scheele men fanns med i&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/2024\/08\/01\/nr-50-2024\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">L\u00e4s mer &raquo;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Nr 50 2024<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rop_custom_images_group":[],"rop_custom_messages_group":[],"rop_publish_now":"initial","rop_publish_now_accounts":[],"rop_publish_now_history":[],"rop_publish_now_status":"pending","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96095"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=96095"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96095\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":96126,"href":"https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96095\/revisions\/96126"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=96095"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=96095"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.astb.se\/cassiopeiabloggen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=96095"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}